Which term is used to describe the likelihood of death among a specified population?

The term used to describe the likelihood of death among a specified population is "mortality." Mortality rates are essential metrics in public health and epidemiology, as they provide insight into the overall health status of a population and can indicate the impact of various health interventions, diseases, or other factors influencing life expectancy.

In demographic studies, mortality can be expressed in various ways, such as crude mortality rate or age-specific mortality rate, which help researchers and policymakers assess health trends and allocate resources effectively. Understanding mortality helps to inform public health strategies aimed at reducing preventable deaths and improving population health outcomes.

The other terms relate to different concepts; longevity refers to the duration of life or lifespan, viability pertains to the ability to live or develop under favorable conditions, and health index is a measure that can incorporate various health-related metrics but does not specifically focus on death rates.